The hottest global wind power industry development

The development of global wind power industry and China's Countermeasures

as an important category of renewable energy, wind energy is one of the oldest and most important energy sources on the earth. The huge reserves, renewable, widely distributed and pollution-free characteristics in the world make wind power generation an important direction of the development of renewable energy in the world

development status and trends of the global wind power industry

1. Key technologies and progress

in recent years, the world wind power industry has developed rapidly, and the key technologies of the wind power industry have become increasingly mature. The single unit capacity of 5MW onshore wind turbines and semi direct drive wind turbines have been put into use. Direct drive wind turbines have been widely used. At present, the international mainstream wind turbines have reached 2 MW, which adopts the mainstream technology of variable pitch and variable speed. 3.6MW wind turbines have been installed in batches in Europe, 7mw wind turbines have been successfully developed in the United States, and giant wind turbines are being developed in the United Kingdom; The construction of large-scale offshore wind power and related power distribution in Europe has begun, and has obvious international competitive advantages in knowledge-based products such as wind condition analysis tools, unit design tools and engineering consulting services. Looking at the development status of the world's wind power industry, the wind power technology will show the following development trends: develop more advanced wind condition analysis system; Develop large capacity, high reliability, low-cost wind turbines and light-weight, high reliability offshore wind turbines; Wind power generation will be mainly land-based, and actively expand offshore wind power

2. Industrial scale of wind power industry

the real development of the wind power industry began with the oil crisis in 1973. The United States, Western Europe and other developed countries invested a lot of money in developing modern wind turbines with new technologies in order to seek alternative fossil fuel energy. In the 1980s, demonstration wind farms were established to become new power sources. In recent years, the development of wind power continues to exceed the development speed of the sample size measured by its expected input. In 2010, the cumulative installed capacity of global wind power reached 196630mw, with a year-on-year increase of 24%, and the growth rate slowed down. In terms of the global new installed capacity, since 1999, the annual new installed capacity has increased significantly. In 1999, the new installed capacity of global wind power was 4033mw, with an increase of 84%. In 2008 and 2009, the new installed capacity of wind power reached 27261mw and 38312mw, with an increase of 38% and 41% respectively. In 2010, the new installed capacity of world wind power was 37642mw, a year-on-year decrease of 2%

3. Major countries and enterprises

in 2010, the world wind power industry achieved sales revenue of $55billion, a year-on-year decrease of 21.4%. The main reason for the decrease in sales revenue is the decline in the price of wind turbines and the gradual shift of the market to China. According to the total installed capacity of wind power in the world in 2010, the top countries are China, the United States, Germany, Spain and India. At present, 13 countries in the world have wind power generation capacity of more than 1000MW, of which France and Canada exceeded this value in 2006

judging from the regional development of the global wind power market, the development focus of the world wind power industry has shifted from Europe to Asia and North America. The proportion of total installed wind power capacity in Europe decreased from 59.6% in 2007 to 46.2% in 2009, and then decreased to 43.7% in 2010, while that in North America increased from 19.4% in 2007 to 22.5% in 2010, and that in Asia increased from 16.5% in 2007 to 31.1% in 2010. In 2004, Europe accounted for 70.7% of the world's new installed capacity of wind power. Now Europe has lost its monopoly position. In 2010, Europe accounted for 27.0% of the world's new installed capacity of wind power, 16.7% in North America, 54.6% in Asia, and 0.4% in Africa. Asia has accounted for more than half of the world's new installed capacity of wind power. However, there is no doubt that Europe is still the region with the most mature wind power industry in the world

in 2010, the total installed capacity of wind power in North America was 44188mw, with a year-on-year increase of 16%, while the growth rate in 2009 was 39%. The decline was due to the sharp reduction of new installed capacity in the United States. In 2010, the new installed capacity of wind power in the United States was only 5600MW, with a year-on-year decrease of 43.4%; The total installed capacity of wind power in Asia was 61182mw, an increase of 50.6% year-on-year; The total installed capacity of wind power in Europe was 85983mw, with a year-on-year increase of 13.1%, of which Germany and Spain still maintained their leading positions. The installed capacity of wind power in Oceania region in 2010 has reached 2386mw, with a year-on-year increase of 0.5%, an increase of 142% over 2006. This is mainly due to a series of policies and measures taken by the Australian government to develop renewable energy. The development of wind power industry in Latin America and Africa lags behind. In 2010, the installed capacity of wind power in Latin America was 1982.9mw and that in Africa was 906mw, far behind other regions

from the perspective of wind power enterprises, the leading foreign wind power technology enterprises mainly include Vestas in Denmark, COMESA in Spain, General Electric in the United States, Enercon in Germany, etc. Chinese enterprises have advantages in production scale and are making continuous progress in technology. In 2010, Chinese enterprises Sinovel wind power, Goldwind technology, Dongfang Turbine Company and united power company entered the top ten wind power equipment manufacturers in the world, as shown in Table 1 below

4. Development trend

with the governments of all countries, especially those of large resource consuming countries, paying more and more attention to renewable energy. 2. The prospect of wind energy development will be broader and broader. According to the analysis and prediction of gwea's world wind power Outlook 2008 report, even under the scenario of the most conservative estimation of the global energy market potential by the International Energy Agency, wind power will account for 5% of the global power supply by 2030 and 6.6% by 2050. Under the medium scenario forecast, the proportion will reach 15.6% and 17.7%. Under the most optimistic scenario, the proportion is as high as 29.1% and 34.2%. The prediction results show that wind power can not only meet the global demand for clean and renewable power in the next 30 years, but also its penetration into the power supply system will continue to grow with the realization of energy-efficient technology

in the future, the wind power industry will develop towards the trends of offshore wind power, large-scale windmills, and the improvement of wind power equipment manufacturing technology. At present, many countries in the world are actively building large-capacity offshore wind farms, and Europe is leading the trend of offshore wind power generation. The five Nordic coastal countries (Germany, Britain, the Netherlands, Belgium and Denmark) have unique offshore wind energy resources and are vigorously developing offshore wind power generation. Denmark plans to increase its installed capacity of offshore wind power to 4million kW by 2030. It is estimated that the installed capacity of offshore wind power in the UK will reach 2.6 million kW in 2005. The 72000 kW offshore wind farm under construction in Sweden will become the largest offshore wind farm in the world

in developed countries, wind turbines are steadily moving towards large-scale, and have now entered the megawatt level to achieve economic scale operation. The adoption of new megawatt wind power generation equipment is an obvious development trend at present. In the next few years, more high-power wind power generation equipment will appear, and the diameter of the wind wheel will reach more than 70 meters. The United States has produced windmills with a diameter of 97.5 meters. In high wind speed areas, such as the sea, the rated power of windmills will reach 2MW

at present, the manufacturing technology of wind power generation equipment continues to improve. The manufacturers of wind power generation equipment will adopt more advanced design methods to design wind power generation equipment, and the weight of parts and components of megawatt windmills will be reduced. Wind power generation equipment with variable speed wind turbines, multi pole variable speed generators and intelligent control systems, and gearless transmission systems with permanent magnet multi pole generators will be the main development direction of wind power technology in the future

gaps and problems in China

in recent years, the installed capacity of wind power in China has doubled continuously. By the end of 2010, the new installed capacity of wind power in China has reached 16000mw, and the cumulative installed capacity has reached 44733mw, surpassing the United States for the first time and ranking first in the world. Although China's wind energy industry has achieved rapid development, there are still the following outstanding problems and difficulties

first, the bottleneck of the development of power generation and wind power industry. As the regions with the most abundant wind energy resources in China are mainly distributed in remote areas such as the three North (North China, northwest and northeast) and the southeast coast, most of them are at the end of electricity, and electricity construction is relatively weak. The problem of wind power is difficult to solve in a short time. In addition, affected by the wind, the wind power is relatively unstable, and the enthusiasm of power enterprises to receive wind power is not high, which is also considered to be an important factor in the difficulty of wind power

second, it will take time for the development technology of the whole wind power industry to mature. Although domestic wind power equipment manufacturers have made great progress in the overall assembly technology and equipment, the design of wind power equipment and the technology of key components such as bearings and control systems have not been fully mastered, and the industrialization of the whole chain is difficult; The number of domestic wind power equipment manufacturing enterprises has increased rapidly in a short period of time, but there are great differences in independent innovation ability and product quality; At the same time, domestic units are also facing fierce competition in the international market

third, the phenomenon of repeated construction in the wind power industry is serious. The rapid development of China's wind power industry has far exceeded expectations. While the production capacity and number of enterprises have expanded in a short period of time, there has been a trend of homogeneous competition, disorderly price competition, quantitative expansion and light industrial upgrading. There have been more than 80 complete machine enterprises in the wind power industry, and the expected production capacity has greatly exceeded the actual market demand. In addition, nearly 100 cities regard wind energy as their pillar industry. In the second half of 2009, the State Council issued a document to curb overcapacity, which raised warnings and related requirements, that is, to regulate the emerging industry of wind power

several countermeasures

first, maintain the continuity and pertinence of the policy. In recent years, in order to promote the development of China's wind power industry, the state has formulated and promulgated a series of policies such as the renewable energy law and the medium and long term development plan of renewable energy, which have played a key role in the development of China's wind power industry. During the 12th Five Year Plan period, whether the policy can be sustained and targeted awesome has become the key for China's wind power industry to shorten the gap with foreign countries and enter a benign and rapid development

second, speed up the construction of electricity and its operation system to adapt to wind power. Strengthen the construction of supporting electricity and peak shaving power supply, and improve the power dispatching system. Focus on the development of wind resource assessment and analysis, wind farm design and optimization, wind farm monitoring and control, wind power access system design and power stability analysis, short-term power generation prediction and scheduling matching, wind farm smooth transition and control and other technologies

third, continuously improve the level of wind power technology and equipment. Focus on the development of the overall design, assembly technology, blades, bearings, converters and control systems of wind turbines above 1.5MW that adapt to China's climate and complex terrain conditions (including both sea and land). He insisted on the design and manufacturing technology of key components, the digital real-time technology, digital control strategy and protection monitoring technology of the reverse transformation system in wind power generation, and carry out the design of large-capacity offshore wind turbines Research on installation and wind farm operation technology to improve the utilization rate and wind power absorption level of land and offshore wind farms in China

fourth, accelerate structural adjustment and industrial restructuring. At present, China's wind power enterprises still have a long way to go to achieve economies of scale, eliminate disorderly competition and curb overcapacity. Therefore, according to the requirements of the 12th Five year industrial development plan, China's wind power industry should actively change the mode of economic growth and speed up industrial restructuring and structural adjustment